What is the gallbladder?

The gallbladder is a small oblong organ located in the right upper side of the abdomen, under the liver. It is connected to the liver and intestines through small tubes called bile ducts. The gallbladder works to store and concentrate bile, a fluid produced by the liver. This bile carries away waste products from the liver and services to assist in digestion and absorption of fatty foods and fat-soluble vitamins. With fatty food consumption, the gallbladder contracts or squeezes and partially empties into the intestines. After food has been digested, the gallbladder relaxes and begins to store bile again.

What is a cholecystectomy?

Cholecystectomy is surgical removal of the gallbladder through either laparoscopic surgery or open surgery. Laparoscopic surgery is done with the use of a laparoscope. The laparoscope is a thin tube with a camera on the end that allows the surgeon to see inside the body. The surgeon will make a few small incisions and insert the scope and instruments to perform the removal of the gallbladder.

Most cholecystectomys are performed through laparoscopic surgery, however, occasionally an open surgery must be done if the gallbladder is too infected or scarred for safe removal. In an open surgery, the surgeon makes one large incision big enough to remove the gallbladder directly.

Why is the gallbladder removed?

The gallbladder is frequently removed to treat symptomatic gallstones or poor overall function.

What is the benefit of gallbladder removal?

The benefit of gallbladder removal is the treatment of gallstone symptoms such as pain and nausea.

What are the risks of having the gallbladder removed?

The risks of surgery are relatively low, however, they can include:

• Damage to other bile ducts near the gallbladder
• Bile leaks
• Bleeding
• Damage to the bowels
• Infection
• Retained stones or leaving gallstones behind in the bile duct

What is the recovery like?

Recovery from laparoscopic surgery includes a restriction of not lifting more than 20 pounds for 2 weeks. Most often surgery is done outpatient, but occasionally you might be required to stay overnight in the hospital.

Are there any long term effects of having cholecystectomy?

Most people do not have long term effects, but some people do experience loose bowel movements, gas, or bloating after cholecystectomy. These symptoms usually improve with time.